Command Prompt is a command line interpreter application available in most Windows operating systems. It's used to execute entered commands.

Open CMD on Windows

  • Go to search and type "CMD"
  • Then Open it

Open CMD with Shortcut

  • Press Windows + R
  • A RUN dialog box appears
  • Type "CMD" and press enter

System

Syntax
systeminfo

Shows every system detail like OS version, OS Name, etc.

Output
Host Name:                 SARALCODE
OS Name:                   Microsoft Windows 11 Home Single Language
OS Version:                10.0.22623 N/A Build 22623
OS Manufacturer:           Microsoft Corporation
OS Configuration:          Standalone Workstation
OS Build Type:             Multiprocessor Free
...
Syntax
ver

Shows the version of Windows

Output
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.22623.741]
CMD
date
time

date /t
time /t
  • The first two show the date/time and it also asks to change the date/time.
  • The second two only show the date or time.
CMD
ipconfig
ipconfig /all

ipconfig shows ipv4 address Default Gateway, etc.

ipconfig /all shows extended details of ipconfig with lots of other information.

CMD
cls

It will Clear the Command Prompt Screen.

Directory

CMD
d:

Go to D:/ drive

Write the drive letter like C, D, E, F, and then a colon(:) and press enter

CMD
dir

Shows every file and folder of the current location or directory.

CMD
cd FolderName

Go inside that folder
Write “cd “ and then keep pressing the Tab it will show you folder names inside that directory.

CMD
cd ..
cd ../../
  • By using the first command, you will go back to one directory
  • By using the second command, you will go back to two directory
  • Similarly, you can use ../ to as much as you want to go back.
CMD
mkdir foldername
md foldername

Both commands are the same mkdir or md means "Make Directory" and it will create a folder with the given name.

CMD
mkdir folder1 folder2 folder3

It will create 3 folders named "folder1", "folder2" and "folder3"

CMD
rename oldname newname
ren oldname newname

Both commands are the same rename or ren and it will Rename the folder with the given name.

CMD
rmdir foldername

It will Remove the folder

CMD
del foldername

It will remove all files inside that folder

Files

CMD
type nul > file1.txt

It will create a file name "file1.txt"

Similarly, you can create any file by specifying "filename.extension"

Like: - file.c, file2.java, etc.

CMD
rename <oldname> <newname>
ren <oldname> <newname>

Both commands are the same rename or ren and it will Rename the file with the given name.

CMD
del file1.txt
erase file1.txt

Both commands are the same. They will delete the file named file1.txt.

CMD
notepad file1.txt

It will Open file1.txt in Notepad

CMD
copy file1.txt file2.txt

It will ask you Overwrite "file2.txt”

Press y and then all text of file1 copied to file2

CMD
move file1.txt folder2

It will move the file1.txt to the folder2

CMD
type file1.txt

It will print all the text of file1.txt in CMD